The children who chose to eat the marshmallow immediately were responding to their automatic system, which analyses sensory data (in the form of the juicy visual image and smell of a sweet treat) before initiating an automatic response. The children were told that they could have one marshmallow now or if they waited, could have two when the researcher returned. Perhaps the most example of irrational decision making is the marshmallow experiment, where children were positioned at a table with a marshmallow before them. Our choices are determined by two opposing systems: the automatic and reflective. Rather than being evidence-based, our decision-making is rooted in transient emotion and mysterious subconscious processes.Īll of the decisions we make, big and small, are the result of a myriad of previous, unknown influences, wielding power over us. We’re often incredibly contradictory creatures, full of inconsistencies and biases. We tend to view ourselves as rational thinkers, making intelligent choices based upon the available evidence, acting in congruence with our beliefs.
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